Ultrafiltration （UF）

As with most conventional filtration methods, sandfilters and media filtration require consistent raw water quality to deliverquality effluent, which is not always possible. They also don't provide anabsolute barrier. Traditional media filters typically remove particles to downto about 5 microns.

Ultrafiltration (UF), however, does not suffer from thoselimitations. This technology uses an ultrafiltration membrane barrier toexclude particles 0.02 to 0.05 microns,including bacteria, viruses, and colloids, meeting increasingly stringent water-quality standards around the world, andproviding a stable, reliable, and consistent water quality.

When used as a pretreatment for reverse osmosis (RO), UF also helps reduce fouling of the RO membranes,which can lead to:

▸ Reducedchemical cleaning frequency and consequently, lower operating costs anddowntime.

The potential to operate RO at higher flux, with fewermembranes and vessels — leading to lower capital cost for the RO system.